Tag: chronic
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Anemia of chronic renal failure
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Introduction: The IRC publications on anemia are extremely numerous and American, European and more recently French recommendations, under the aegis of the French Agency for the Safety of Health Products (AFSSAPS), have been produced on this subject. Definition of anemia of chronic renal failure: The classic definition of anemia in the general population is that…
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Complications of chronic renal failure
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Spinal hypoplasia: Anemia is constant during chronic renal failure (CRF), with the exception of polycystic disease. It worsens along with the decrease in glomerular filtration. The main cause is bone marrow hypoplasia, a consequence of renal hyposecretion of erythropoietin (EPO); the other mechanisms are accessory: various deficiencies, chronic hemolysis, plasma inhibitors of erythropoiesis, medullary fibrosis in large…
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Cardiovascular consequences of chronic renal failure
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INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is responsible for more than 50% of deaths in patients with renal failure treated with chronic hemodialysis. Heart complications alone account for 40% of mortality. Ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure as well as arterial atheroma are the main causes, while the incidence of pericarditis, a classic complication of terminal uremia, has decreased. UREMIC PERICARDITIS:…
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Chronic abdominal pain
It is abdominal pain that persists, repeats itself and become chronic outside of an emergency context. Irritable bowel or functional colopathy are the most common pathologies. The rarer causes are numerous and difficult to diagnose, the obsession of the general practitioner and the urgent request of the painful patients will lead to the realization of many complementary…
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Chronic constipation
The first difficulty is to be clarified this symptom, where between a part of subjectivity. Neither the size, nor the shape, nor the weight of the stools are satisfactory markers; their frequency would be a more reliable indicator (normal transit = 3 to 2L stool per week). The second difficulty is to distinguish constipation from irritable bowel syndrome…
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Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Diseases
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Introduction: In 2001, chronic terminal renal failure was declared France a major public health priority. This decision is the result of a steady increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic terminal renal insufficiency. As a primary outbreak, the kidney is potentially exposed to many attacks. Although renal parenchyma has extraordinary adaptive and regenerative abilities, chronic kidney…
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Chronic lesions of the musculoskeletal system in the athlete
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Introduction: The enthusiasm for physical activity over the past 20 years has resulted in a steady increase in the number of practitioners and the diversification of sports activities. Although the benefits of sport are commonly accepted (prevention of cardiovascular diseases, a recognized role in the balance of certain endocrine diseases in particular), it is nevertheless also…
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Chronic lung syndrome
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Physiopathology: This frequent pathological entity is totally underestimated and presents, from a physiopathological point of view, a common denominator – notwithstanding its topography – which is the increase in intratissular pressure. This intratissular hyperpressure will result from an inadequacy between the rigidity of the aponeurosis of overlapping and the increase of the muscular volume to…
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Chronic Respiratory Failure
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Chronic respiratory failure is defined by the inability of the lungs normally ensure oxygenation of the arterial blood. The result is an arterial hypoxia. The finding of a PaO 2 ≤ 60 mmHg sign a basic IRC. IRC A- A STEADY STATE: 1- COPD: – Basic hypoxemia (by shunting) – Hypercapnia (by alveolar hypoventilation present…
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Bronchitis chronic obstructive
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– Clinical Definition: hypersecretion of mucus sufficient to cause cough and mucous expectoration and / or daily Mucopurulent at least 3 consecutive months a year, and that for at least two years following. – There are 2 groups of chronic bronchitis: * Simple chronic bronchitis marked by a expecto ration -> no obstructive spirometry syndrome;…
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